What describes a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement?

A fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement is defined by the delivery of reinforcement after a specific number of responses have been made. This means that reinforcement occurs consistently after a predetermined count of actions, such as pressing a lever a certain number of times or completing a certain number of tasks.

This type of schedule leads to a high rate of response because the individual knows that their efforts will lead to a reward after a specific number of responses, promoting a sense of achievement and motivation to engage in the behavior. For example, if a rat is trained on a fixed-ratio schedule of 10, it will receive a food pellet after it presses a lever ten times.

The other types of schedules mentioned do not capture the essence of a fixed-ratio schedule. A fixed-interval schedule involves reinforcement after a set period of time rather than a set number of responses, a variable-interval schedule presents reinforcement after varying amounts of time, and a variable-ratio schedule delivers reinforcement after an unpredictable number of responses, which creates a different pattern of behavior and expectation.