Which of the following are the two main types of reinforcement?

The two main types of reinforcement are indeed positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement. Positive reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus after a behavior is exhibited, which increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated. For example, giving a child praise or a reward for completing their homework encourages them to continue putting in effort in the future.

Negative reinforcement, on the other hand, involves the removal of an aversive stimulus when a desired behavior occurs, which also increases the likelihood of the behavior being repeated. An example of negative reinforcement might be a teenager cleaning their room to avoid being nagged by their parents. By cleaning their room, they remove the unpleasant situation of being asked repeatedly.

Understanding these concepts is crucial in the context of behavior modification and learning theories, as both types of reinforcement impact behavior in complementary ways.