Which of the following best exemplifies negative punishment?

Negative punishment involves the removal of a desirable stimulus to decrease the likelihood of an undesirable behavior occurring again in the future. In this context, when video game time is taken away as a consequence for poor grades, it serves to remove a pleasurable activity, thereby aiming to encourage better academic performance.

The essence of negative punishment lies in the idea that by taking away something that an individual values—in this case, video game time—the behavior that led to this consequence is less likely to be repeated. This is in contrast to positive punishment, where something aversive is added. For example, adding chores or implementing scolding does not involve the removal of a positive stimulus, thus they do not qualify as negative punishment. Instead, they aim to address behavior through different means of consequence.