Which scenario exemplifies positive punishment?

Positive punishment involves introducing an unpleasant stimulus in order to decrease the likelihood of a behavior being repeated. In the context of this question, the scenario that exemplifies positive punishment is the one in which detention is given for tardiness.

Detention serves as an additional negative experience for the student as a consequence of their behavior (being tardy). This added stimulus aims to discourage the behavior in the future, as the student would want to avoid the unpleasant experience of detention.

The other scenarios do not meet the criteria for positive punishment. Taking away a child's toy illustrates negative punishment, where something desired is removed to reduce undesired behavior. Ignoring a child is a technique often associated with extinction, where attention is withheld to decrease a behavior, rather than adding any negative consequence. Lastly, rewarding a child for good choices is an example of positive reinforcement, as it adds something pleasant to increase the likelihood of the desired behavior.